In this chapter, we propose a conceptual framework in which we integrate the literature on attribution and intergroup helping behaviour. We discuss how conceptions of internal, external and fatalistic attributions of poverty relate to helping behaviours. The importance of looking for possible mediators to help untangle the association between attributions and behaviour is emphasised. Based on this idea, we examined different approaches to the link among attributions, emotions and intergroup helping behaviour. We suggest that, social responsibility and empathy can be mediators that contribute to our understanding of the process by which attributions have an impact on intergroup helping. To support our conceptual framework, we present preliminary analyses of a study conducted in Chile in the context of helping the poor through monetary, material and temporal donations. Results showed that the relation between external attributions and intergroup helping was partially mediated by social responsibility and empathy, whereas the link between fatalistic attributions and intergroup helping was partially mediated by empathy. Theoretical and practical implications for social cohesion are discussed.